{"id":22833,"date":"2014-10-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-10-19T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/?p=22833"},"modified":"2025-07-14T09:26:12","modified_gmt":"2025-07-14T06:26:12","slug":"saint-bernard","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/breed-saint-bernard","title":{"rendered":"Saint Bernard"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saint Bernardul, gigantul maiestuos din Alpii elve\u021bieni, nu este doar un c\u00e2ine, ci un simbol adev\u0103rat al devotamentului, curajului \u0219i bun\u0103t\u0103\u021bii incredibile. Rasa \u0219i-a primit numele \u00een onoarea Sf\u00e2ntului Bernard de Menthon, care \u00een secolul al XI-lea a fondat un ad\u0103post pentru c\u0103l\u0103tori pe o trec\u0103toare periculoas\u0103 din Alpi. Tocmai \u00een aceast\u0103 regiune aspr\u0103, Saint Bernardii au devenit ajutoare indispensabile, salv\u00e2nd oameni de sub avalan\u0219ele de z\u0103pad\u0103. Aceast\u0103 prezentare detaliat\u0103 a rasei a fost preg\u0103tit\u0103 pentru dumneavoastr\u0103 de echipa <a href=\"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\">Tvaryny<\/a>, pentru a v\u0103 oferi toate informa\u021biile despre aceste animale uimitoare. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ace\u0219ti c\u00e2ini sunt renumi\u021bi pentru caracterul lor calm \u0219i echilibrat, ceea ce \u00eei face companioni minuna\u021bi pentru \u00eentreaga familie. Sunt absolut ne\u00eenclina\u021bi spre agresiune nejustificat\u0103, iar r\u0103bdarea \u0219i dragostea lor fa\u021b\u0103 de copii au intrat \u00een legend\u0103. Un Saint Bernard poate deveni nu doar un prieten loial, ci \u0219i un adev\u0103rat terapeut, care salveaz\u0103 de singur\u0103tate \u0219i ofer\u0103 dragoste nem\u0103rginit\u0103. Sunt cu adev\u0103rat c\u00e2ini sfin\u021bi, ale c\u0103ror inimi sunt deschise pentru oricine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Saint Bernard: Caracteristici principale ale rasei<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/logo-142573.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22746\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/logo-142573.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/logo-142573-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Caracteristic\u0103<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Descriere<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Origine<\/td><td>Elve\u021bia, Italia<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Clasificare FCI<\/td><td>Grupa 2 (Pinscheri \u0219i Schnauzeri, Molossoizi, C\u00e2ini de Munte Elve\u021bieni \u0219i de Ciread\u0103), Sec\u021biunea 2.2 (Molossoizi, tip montan)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00cen\u0103l\u021bime la greab\u0103n<\/td><td>Masculi: 70-90 cm, Femele: 65-80 cm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Greutate<\/td><td>Masculi: 64-120 kg, Femele: 54-100 kg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Durata de via\u021b\u0103<\/td><td>8-10 ani<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tip de blan\u0103<\/td><td>Cu p\u0103r scurt (Stockhaar) \u0219i cu p\u0103r lung (Langhaar)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Culoare<\/td><td>Alb cu pete ro\u0219u-maronii de diferite m\u0103rimi sau o &#8222;mantie&#8221; ro\u0219u-maronie pe spate \u0219i flancuri<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Temperament<\/td><td>Prietenos, calm, devotat, r\u0103bd\u0103tor, vigilent<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Istoria rasei: De la salvatori alpini la favori\u021bi ai familiilor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_2.jpg\" alt=\"Saint Bernard cu p\u0103r lung\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Istoria Saint Bernardului este indisolubil legat\u0103 de ad\u0103postul monahal de pe Pasul Marele Saint Bernard, situat la o altitudine de 2469 de metri \u00een Alpi. Fondat \u00een anul 1050 de c\u0103tre arhidiaonul Bernard de Menthon, acest ad\u0103post oferea refugiu c\u0103l\u0103torilor \u0219i pelerinilor care str\u0103b\u0103teau drumul periculos dintre Italia \u0219i Elve\u021bia. Condi\u021biile meteorologice severe, troienele de z\u0103pad\u0103 \u0219i amenin\u021barea constant\u0103 a avalan\u0219elor f\u0103ceau aceast\u0103 c\u0103l\u0103torie mortal de periculoas\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aproximativ \u00eentre anii 1660-1670, c\u0103lug\u0103rii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 c\u00e2ini mari \u0219i puternici, str\u0103mo\u0219ii Saint Bernardilor moderni, pentru paz\u0103 \u0219i \u00eenso\u021bire. Foarte repede au observat c\u0103 ace\u0219ti c\u00e2ini aveau un sim\u021b olfactiv unic \u0219i capacitatea de a g\u0103si oameni sub un strat gros de z\u0103pad\u0103. A\u0219a a \u00eenceput glorioasa istorie a Saint Bernardilor salvatori. C\u00e2inii ghizi cur\u0103\u021bau potecile, iar c\u00e2inii salvatori g\u0103seau c\u0103l\u0103torii epuiza\u021bi, \u00eei \u00eenc\u0103lzeau cu propriul corp \u0219i aduceau ajutor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cel mai faimos Saint Bernard din istorie este <strong>legendarul Barry<\/strong>, care a tr\u0103it \u00een m\u0103n\u0103stire \u00eentre anii 1800 \u0219i 1812. De-a lungul vie\u021bii sale, se spune c\u0103 a salvat peste 40 de oameni. Povestea sa a devenit un simbol al devotamentului acestei rase. Interesant este c\u0103 ini\u021bial to\u021bi Saint Bernardii erau cu p\u0103r scurt. \u00cens\u0103, dup\u0103 iernile deosebit de aspre de la \u00eenceputul secolului al XIX-lea, c\u00e2nd mul\u021bi c\u00e2ini au pierit, rasa s-a aflat la un pas de dispari\u021bie. Pentru a reface popula\u021bia, c\u0103lug\u0103rii au \u00eencruci\u0219at c\u00e2inii supravie\u021buitori cu <a href=\"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/breed-newfoundland\">Terra Nova<\/a>, ceea ce a dus la apari\u021bia variantei cu p\u0103r lung. Din p\u0103cate, blana lung\u0103 \u00eenghe\u021ba \u00een z\u0103pad\u0103, ceea ce \u00eei f\u0103cea pe ace\u0219ti c\u00e2ini mai pu\u021bin potrivi\u021bi pentru opera\u021biunile de salvare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mult timp, rasa a fost numit\u0103 \u00een diverse moduri: &#8222;c\u00e2inele lui Barry&#8221;, &#8222;mastif alpin&#8221; sau &#8222;c\u00e2ine sf\u00e2nt&#8221;. Numele &#8222;Saint Bernard&#8221; a fost recunoscut oficial de Clubul Canin Elve\u021bian abia \u00een 1880, iar primul standard al rasei a fost aprobat \u00een 1887.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cum arat\u0103 un Saint Bernard: standard \u0219i varia\u021bii<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/gallery-142573_0.jpg\" alt=\"Fotografie Saint Bernard\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saint Bernardul este o ras\u0103 de dimensiuni gigantice, care impresioneaz\u0103 prin for\u021ba \u0219i statura sa armonioas\u0103. Este un c\u00e2ine musculos, puternic, cu un cap masiv \u0219i impun\u0103tor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Capul:<\/strong> Foarte mare \u0219i puternic, cu un craniu lat, u\u0219or bombat. Pielea de pe frunte formeaz\u0103 cute vizibile. Trecerea de la frunte la bot este brusc\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Botul:<\/strong> Scurt, bont, \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea sa este mai mare dec\u00e2t lungimea. Puntea nazal\u0103 este dreapt\u0103. Nasul este lat, cu n\u0103ri deschise, \u00eentotdeauna de culoare neagr\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Buzele:<\/strong> Buzele superioare sunt puternic dezvoltate, l\u0103sate (f\u0103lcile), form\u00e2nd un arc elegant. Col\u021burile gurii r\u0103m\u00e2n \u00eentotdeauna vizibile. Maxilarele sunt foarte puternice.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ochii:<\/strong> De m\u0103rime medie, de la maro \u00eenchis la culoarea nucului. Privirea este inteligent\u0103 \u0219i binevoitoare. Pentru ras\u0103 este caracteristic\u0103 o u\u0219oar\u0103 l\u0103sare a pleoapei inferioare, care expune conjunctiva.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Urechile:<\/strong> De m\u0103rime medie, prinse sus \u0219i larg. Sunt pendulante, moi, de form\u0103 triunghiular\u0103, ader\u00e2nd str\u00e2ns la obraji.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Corpul:<\/strong> Puternic, cu un spate lat \u0219i robust. G\u00e2tul este puternic, cu un gu\u0219\u0103 caracteristic\u0103, mic\u0103. Pieptul este bine dezvoltat, dar nu \u00een form\u0103 de butoi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Coada:<\/strong> Lung\u0103, grea, lat\u0103 la baz\u0103. \u00cen stare de repaus at\u00e2rn\u0103 \u00een jos, \u00een stare de excita\u021bie poate fi ridicat\u0103 deasupra liniei spatelui.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Blana:<\/strong> Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 tipuri de blan\u0103:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cu p\u0103r scurt (Stockhaar):<\/strong> Blana este dens\u0103, str\u00e2ns\u0103, neted\u0103. Subp\u0103rul este foarte des.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cu p\u0103r lung (Langhaar):<\/strong> Blana este de lungime medie, dreapt\u0103 sau u\u0219or ondulat\u0103, cu un subp\u0103r des. Pe coapse formeaz\u0103 &#8222;pantaloni&#8221;, iar coada este foarte stufoas\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Caracterul \u0219i temperamentul Saint Bernardului: gigantul bl\u00e2nd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22752\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573.jpg 550w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573-300x262.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sub \u00eenf\u0103\u021bi\u0219area impun\u0103toare a Saint Bernardului se ascunde o <strong>inim\u0103 incredibil de bun\u0103 \u0219i sensibil\u0103<\/strong>. Este una dintre cele mai calme \u0219i mai r\u0103bd\u0103toare rase din lume. Ador\u0103 s\u0103 fie \u00een centrul evenimentelor familiale \u0219i suport\u0103 greu singur\u0103tatea. Saint Bernardul este un c\u00e2ine de companie, gata s\u0103-\u0219i urmeze st\u0103p\u00e2nul oriunde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dragostea lor pentru copii este legendar\u0103. Saint Bernardii devin adesea bone excelente, suport\u00e2nd cu r\u0103bdare n\u0103zb\u00e2tiile copiilor. Totu\u0219i, din cauza <strong>dimensiunilor lor enorme<\/strong>, pot \u00eempinge accidental un copil mic, de aceea jocurile lor ar trebui s\u0103 se desf\u0103\u0219oare \u00eentotdeauna sub supravegherea adul\u021bilor. Sunt inteligen\u021bi \u0219i ageri, dar uneori pot manifesta \u00eenc\u0103p\u0103\u021b\u00e2nare. Saint Bernardul este un c\u00e2ine &#8222;g\u00e2nditor&#8221;; nu va executa orbe\u0219te comenzi, ci va evalua mai \u00eent\u00e2i situa\u021bia. Temperamentul lor calm difer\u0103 mult de cel al unor paznici mai colerici \u0219i vigilen\u021bi, cum ar fi, de exemplu, <a href=\"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/breed-central-asian-shepherd-dog-alabai\">ciobanescul de Asia Central\u0103 (Alabai)<\/a>, de\u0219i ambele rase impresioneaz\u0103 prin dimensiunile lor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saint Bernardii nu sunt paznici agresivi, dar aspectul lor \u0219i l\u0103tratul puternic sunt capabili s\u0103 sperie orice intrus. Sunt vigilen\u021bi \u0219i vor avertiza \u00eentotdeauna despre apropierea str\u0103inilor. Sunt salvatori prin natura lor, at\u00e2t fizic, c\u00e2t \u0219i moral. Nu degeaba sunt adesea implica\u021bi \u00een canis-terapie \u2013 tratamentul prin interac\u021biunea cu animalele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Avantaje \u0219i dezavantaje ale rasei Saint Bernard<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"577\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_1-1024x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22758\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_1-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_1-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_1-860x485.jpg 860w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_1.jpg 1196w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cenainte de a adopta un astfel de gigant, este important s\u0103 c\u00e2nt\u0103ri\u021bi toate &#8222;pro&#8221; \u0219i &#8222;contra&#8221;. Saint Bernardul este o mare responsabilitate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Avantaje<\/th><th>Dezavantaje<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Caracter incredibil de bun:<\/strong> c\u00e2ine de familie ideal.<\/td><td><strong>Saliva\u021bie abundent\u0103:<\/strong> fi\u021bi preg\u0103ti\u021bi s\u0103 \u0219terge\u021bi constant saliva.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>R\u0103bdare \u0219i dragoste pentru copii:<\/strong> o &#8222;bon\u0103&#8221; minunat\u0103.<\/td><td><strong>Dimensiune uria\u0219\u0103:<\/strong> necesit\u0103 mult spa\u021biu, nu este potrivit pentru apartamente mici.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Inteligen\u021b\u0103 ridicat\u0103:<\/strong> \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 u\u0219or, dac\u0103 g\u0103si\u021bi abordarea potrivit\u0103.<\/td><td><strong>Costuri mari de \u00eentre\u021binere:<\/strong> m\u0103n\u00e2nc\u0103 mult, servicii veterinare scumpe.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Temperament calm:<\/strong> nu este predispus la hiperactivitate.<\/td><td><strong>N\u0103p\u00e2rlire puternic\u0103:<\/strong> blana va fi peste tot, mai ales \u00een perioadele de n\u0103p\u00e2rlire sezonier\u0103.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Aspect impresionant:<\/strong> o adev\u0103rat\u0103 m\u00e2ndrie a st\u0103p\u00e2nului.<\/td><td><strong>Durat\u0103 scurt\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103:<\/strong> ca multe rase gigantice, tr\u0103iesc 8-10 ani.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Nevoie redus\u0103 de exerci\u021bii intense:<\/strong> sunt suficiente plimb\u0103ri lungi \u0219i lini\u0219tite.<\/td><td><strong>Predispozi\u021bie la anumite boli:<\/strong> probleme articulare, cardiace, balonare.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><strong>Suport\u0103 greu c\u0103ldura:<\/strong> necesit\u0103 un loc r\u0103coros vara.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00cengrijirea Saint Bernardului: aspecte esen\u021biale<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"819\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_3-1024x819.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22764\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_3-1024x819.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_3-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_3-768x614.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_3-860x688.jpg 860w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_3.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cengrijirea unui Saint Bernard are specificul s\u0103u, legat \u00een primul r\u00e2nd de dimensiunea, tipul de blan\u0103 \u0219i particularit\u0103\u021bile fiziologice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00cengrijire:<\/strong> Saint Bernardii cu p\u0103r lung trebuie peria\u021bi <strong>zilnic<\/strong> pentru a evita formarea ghemotoacelor. Cei cu p\u0103r scurt \u2013 de 2-3 ori pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103. Ambele tipuri n\u0103p\u00e2rlesc abundent de dou\u0103 ori pe an, iar \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 va trebui s\u0103-i peria\u021bi mai des. Baia c\u00e2inelui trebuie f\u0103cut\u0103 doar \u00een caz de strict\u0103 necesitate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00cengrijirea ochilor \u0219i a urechilor:<\/strong> Datorit\u0103 particularit\u0103\u021bilor structurii pleoapelor, ochii Saint Bernardului necesit\u0103 o examinare zilnic\u0103 \u0219i \u0219tergere cu un tampon umed. Urechile pendulante sunt, de asemenea, predispuse la infec\u021bii, de aceea trebuie examinate \u0219i cur\u0103\u021bate regulat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Controlul saliva\u021biei:<\/strong> Saint Bernardii <strong>saliveaz\u0103 abundent<\/strong>. Aceasta este o norm\u0103 fiziologic\u0103 pentru ras\u0103. Ave\u021bi \u00eentotdeauna la \u00eendem\u00e2n\u0103 un prosop, mai ales dup\u0103 ce c\u00e2inele a b\u0103ut sau a m\u00e2ncat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Activitate fizic\u0103:<\/strong> \u00cen ciuda dimensiunilor sale, Saint Bernardul nu necesit\u0103 eforturi fizice excesive. \u00cei sunt suficiente plimb\u0103ri zilnice lungi, dar lini\u0219tite. <strong>Important:<\/strong> c\u0103\u021beilor \u0219i c\u00e2inilor tineri sub 2 ani le sunt contraindicate s\u0103riturile \u0219i alergarea pe sc\u0103ri, pentru a nu le deteriora articula\u021biile \u00een curs de formare.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Locuin\u021ba:<\/strong> Locul ideal pentru un Saint Bernard este o cas\u0103 privat\u0103 cu o curte mare, bine \u00eengr\u0103dit\u0103. Are nevoie de spa\u021biu. Vara, c\u00e2inelui trebuie s\u0103 i se asigure un loc r\u0103coros, deoarece suport\u0103 foarte greu c\u0103ldura.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u0103n\u0103tatea \u0219i bolile tipice ale Saint Bernardului<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22770\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_4.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_4-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_4-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_4-860x645.jpg 860w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saint Bernardii, la fel ca majoritatea raselor gigantice, au o predispozi\u021bie la anumite boli genetice \u0219i dob\u00e2ndite. Durata lor scurt\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103 este \u00een mare parte legat\u0103 tocmai de aceste probleme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Boal\u0103<\/th><th>Simptome \u0219i profilaxie<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Displazia de \u0219old \u0219i de cot<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0218chiop\u0103tat, durere, reticen\u021b\u0103 la mi\u0219care. <strong>Profilaxie:<\/strong> alegerea unui c\u0103\u021belu\u0219 de la p\u0103rin\u021bi verifica\u021bi (cu teste de displazie), controlul greut\u0103\u021bii, exerci\u021bii moderate \u00een perioada de cre\u0219tere.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Balonare (torsiune gastric\u0103)<\/strong><\/td><td>Nelini\u0219te, \u00eencerc\u0103ri de vom\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 rezultat, abdomen umflat. O afec\u021biune mortal\u0103! <strong>Profilaxie:<\/strong> hr\u0103nire de 2-3 ori pe zi \u00een por\u021bii mici, evitarea activit\u0103\u021bii imediat dup\u0103 mas\u0103.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Cardiomiopatie<\/strong><\/td><td>Dispnee, tuse, oboseal\u0103 rapid\u0103. <strong>Profilaxie:<\/strong> controale regulate la cardiolog, alimenta\u021bie echilibrat\u0103, controlul greut\u0103\u021bii.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Probleme oculare (entropion, ectropion)<\/strong><\/td><td>\u00centoarcerea sau r\u0103sucirea pleoapelor, l\u0103crimare, irita\u021bie. Adesea necesit\u0103 corec\u021bie chirurgical\u0103.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Osteosarcom (cancer osos)<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0218chiop\u0103tat, umfl\u0103tur\u0103 la nivelul membrelor. Cel mai frecvent \u00eent\u00e2lnit la c\u00e2inii de rase mari. Diagnosticul precoce este important.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Epilepsie<\/strong><\/td><td>Convulsii. O boal\u0103 ereditar\u0103, controlat\u0103 medicamentos.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dresajul \u0219i socializarea Saint Bernardului<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_5-1024x640.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22776\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_5-1024x640.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_5-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_5-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_5-1536x960.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_5-2048x1280.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_5-860x538.jpg 860w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dresajul unui Saint Bernard este un proces care necesit\u0103 r\u0103bdare \u0219i \u00een\u021belegerea psihologiei rasei. <strong>Socializarea timpurie este crucial\u0103.<\/strong> De la o v\u00e2rst\u0103 fraged\u0103, familiariza\u021bi c\u0103\u021belu\u0219ul cu diverse persoane, animale, sunete \u0219i situa\u021bii. Acest lucru va ajuta la cre\u0219terea unui c\u00e2ine \u00eencrez\u0103tor \u0219i echilibrat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saint Bernardii sunt inteligen\u021bi, dar pot fi \u00eenc\u0103p\u0103\u021b\u00e2na\u021bi. Ei r\u0103spund cel mai bine la metodele de \u00eent\u0103rire pozitiv\u0103: laud\u0103, recompense, jocuri. Duritatea \u0219i pedepsele pot duce la \u00eenchiderea c\u00e2inelui \u00een sine \u0219i la pierderea \u00eencrederii. Antrenamentele ar trebui s\u0103 fie scurte \u0219i interesante. Comenzile de baz\u0103 (&#8222;\u0219ezi&#8221;, &#8222;culcat&#8221;, &#8222;vino&#8221;, &#8222;l\u00e2ng\u0103&#8221;) trebuie \u00eenv\u0103\u021bate c\u00e2t mai devreme posibil, deoarece este practic imposibil s\u0103 controlezi un gigant de 80 de kilograme neascult\u0103tor. G\u00e2ndirea lor \u00een procesul de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare este oarecum similar\u0103 cu comportamentul altor gigan\u021bi, cum ar fi maiestuosul <a href=\"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/breed-great-dane\">Dog German<\/a> sau bunul <a href=\"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/breed-leonberger\">Leonberger<\/a>, care necesit\u0103, de asemenea, o abordare consecvent\u0103 \u0219i bl\u00e2nd\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce s\u0103-i dai de m\u00e2ncare Saint Bernardului: ra\u021bia pentru un gigant<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"672\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_6-1024x672.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22782\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_6-1024x672.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_6-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_6-768x504.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_6-1536x1009.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_6-2048x1345.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_6-860x565.jpg 860w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hr\u0103nirea unui Saint Bernard este unul dintre cele mai responsabile aspecte ale \u00eentre\u021binerii sale. <strong>O diet\u0103 corect\u0103 este cheia s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii articula\u021biilor \u0219i a longevit\u0103\u021bii.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tipul de hran\u0103:<\/strong> Cele mai potrivite sunt hranele uscate de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate, din clasa super-premium sau holistic\u0103, special formulate pentru c\u00e2inii de rase gigantice. Acestea con\u021bin o cantitate echilibrat\u0103 de proteine, gr\u0103simi, carbohidra\u021bi, precum \u0219i condroprotectoare (glucozamin\u0103, condroitin\u0103) pentru sus\u021binerea articula\u021biilor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Frecven\u021ba hr\u0103nirii:<\/strong> Se recomand\u0103 hr\u0103nirea unui c\u00e2ine adult de <strong>2 ori pe zi<\/strong>, nu o singur\u0103 dat\u0103. Acest lucru ajut\u0103 la prevenirea dilata\u021biei stomacului \u0219i reduce riscul de torsiune. C\u0103\u021beii sunt hr\u0103ni\u021bi de 3-4 ori pe zi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Controlul cre\u0219terii:<\/strong> Nu supraalimenta\u021bi un c\u0103\u021belu\u0219 Saint Bernard! O cre\u0219tere prea rapid\u0103 \u00een greutate creeaz\u0103 o povar\u0103 colosal\u0103 asupra oaselor \u0219i articula\u021biilor fragile, ceea ce poate duce la probleme grave \u00een viitor. Respecta\u021bi normele indicate pe ambalajul hranei \u0219i monitoriza\u021bi condi\u021bia c\u00e2inelui.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Alimenta\u021bia natural\u0103:<\/strong> Dac\u0103 alege\u021bi o diet\u0103 natural\u0103, aceasta trebuie s\u0103 fie echilibrat\u0103 cu aten\u021bie. Baza ar trebui s\u0103 fie carne slab\u0103 (vit\u0103, curcan), la care se adaug\u0103 cereale (orez, hri\u0219c\u0103), legume, produse lactate. Este necesar\u0103 consultarea unui dietetician veterinar. Prin dimensiunile \u0219i nevoile lor alimentare, Saint Bernardii sunt similari cu al\u021bi c\u00e2ini de munte, de exemplu, cu <a href=\"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/marele-caine-de-munte-elvetian\">Marele Ciob\u0103nesc Elve\u021bian<\/a>, pentru care controlul greut\u0103\u021bii este, de asemenea, important.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Produse interzise:<\/strong> Ciocolata, strugurii, ceapa, usturoiul, oasele tubulare, alimentele grase, afumate \u0219i s\u0103rate \u2013 sunt strict interzise.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fapte interesante despre Saint Bernard<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"692\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_7-1024x692.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22788\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_7-1024x692.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_7-300x203.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_7-768x519.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_7-1536x1038.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_7-2048x1384.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_7-860x581.jpg 860w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mitul butoiului cu brandy:<\/strong> Cea mai cunoscut\u0103 imagine a Saint Bernardului \u2013 cu un butoi de brandy la g\u00e2t \u2013 este de fapt o inven\u021bie. A fost creat\u0103 \u00een 1820 de pictorul englez Edwin Landseer pentru tabloul s\u0103u &#8222;Mastifii alpini salv\u00e2nd un c\u0103l\u0103tor epuizat&#8221;. Imaginea a pl\u0103cut at\u00e2t de mult publicului, \u00eenc\u00e2t a devenit o parte inseparabil\u0103 a legendei, de\u0219i c\u0103lug\u0103rii nu au folosit niciodat\u0103 un astfel de &#8222;kit de salvare&#8221;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sim\u021b olfactiv incredibil:<\/strong> Se crede c\u0103 un Saint Bernard este capabil s\u0103 simt\u0103 o persoan\u0103 sub un strat de z\u0103pad\u0103 de 6 metri \u0219i s\u0103 o aud\u0103 de la o distan\u021b\u0103 de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 5 kilometri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vedete de cinema:<\/strong> Rasa a devenit popular\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga lume dup\u0103 lansarea unor filme. Cei mai faimo\u0219i Saint Bernard din cinematografie sunt gigantul bl\u00e2nd din comedia &#8222;Beethoven&#8221; \u0219i, dimpotriv\u0103, monstrul terifiant din filmul de groaz\u0103 &#8222;Cujo&#8221;, bazat pe romanul lui Stephen King.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Corp-\u00eenc\u0103lzitor:<\/strong> Salv\u00e2nd oameni, Saint Bernardii nu doar \u00eei g\u0103seau, ci \u0219i se a\u0219ezau l\u00e2ng\u0103 ei, \u00eenc\u0103lzindu-i cu propriul corp \u0219i ling\u00e2ndu-le fe\u021bele pentru a-i aduce \u00een sim\u021biri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Monumentul lui Barry:<\/strong> La Paris, \u00een cimitirul de animale, se afl\u0103 un monument dedicat legendarului Barry. Corpul s\u0103u \u00eemp\u0103iat este, de asemenea, p\u0103strat \u00een Muzeul de Istorie Natural\u0103 din Berna, Elve\u021bia.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente despre ras\u0103 (FAQ)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"753\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_8-1024x753.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22794\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_8-1024x753.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_8-300x221.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_8-768x565.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_8-1536x1130.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_8-2048x1506.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/cdn.tvaryny.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/gallery-142573_8-860x633.jpg 860w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Este adev\u0103rat c\u0103 Saint Bernardii saliveaz\u0103 foarte mult?<\/strong><br>Da, este adev\u0103rat. Saliva\u021bia abundent\u0103 este o tr\u0103s\u0103tur\u0103 caracteristic\u0103 a rasei datorit\u0103 structurii buzelor lor. Fi\u021bi preg\u0103ti\u021bi ca saliva s\u0103 fie pe podea, mobilier \u0219i hainele dumneavoastr\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sunt Saint Bernardii potrivi\u021bi pentru via\u021ba \u00een apartament?<\/strong><br>Aceasta nu este cea mai bun\u0103 op\u021biune. Datorit\u0103 dimensiunilor lor gigantice, un Saint Bernard se va sim\u021bi mult mai confortabil \u00eentr-o cas\u0103 privat\u0103 cu propria curte. \u00centr-un apartament, \u00eei va fi \u00eenghesuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Se \u00een\u021beleg Saint Bernardii cu alte animale?<\/strong><br>Da, cu o socializare corect\u0103 \u0219i timpurie, de obicei se \u00een\u021beleg bine cu al\u021bi c\u00e2ini \u0219i chiar cu pisici. Caracterul lor calm contribuie la o coexisten\u021b\u0103 pa\u0219nic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e2t cost\u0103 \u00eentre\u021binerea unui Saint Bernard?<\/strong><br>\u00centre\u021binerea unui Saint Bernard este o pl\u0103cere costisitoare. Principalele cheltuieli sunt o cantitate mare de hran\u0103 de calitate, serviciile veterinare (care pentru rasele gigantice sunt \u00eentotdeauna mai scumpe) \u0219i \u00eengrijirea. \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, costurile lunare pentru hran\u0103 pot ajunge la 500-800 RON, iar vizitele la veterinar pot fi de c\u00e2teva sute de lei, \u00een func\u021bie de necesitate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Latr\u0103 mult?<\/strong><br>Saint Bernardii nu sunt predispu\u0219i la l\u0103tratul nejustificat. Ei latr\u0103 doar atunci c\u00e2nd exist\u0103 un motiv real \u2013 de exemplu, apropierea unui str\u0103in. L\u0103tratul lor este foarte puternic \u0219i grav.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Video despre ras\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Saint Bernard - Top 10 Facts\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8va0ZbLM4iE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Saint Bernardul, gigantul maiestuos din Alpii elve\u021bieni, nu este doar un c\u00e2ine, ci un simbol adev\u0103rat al devotamentului, curajului \u0219i bun\u0103t\u0103\u021bii\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":22743,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4521],"tags":[7241,7070,8116],"class_list":["post-22833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-dogs-breeds-ro","tag-caini-cu-par-lung-sau-scurt","tag-caini-de-companie","tag-caini-foarte-mari-gigantici"],"views":10,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22833"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22833\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22841,"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22833\/revisions\/22841"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22833"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tvaryny.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}