Cymric

The history of the Cymric is inextricably linked with its shorthaired ancestor – the Manx, a cat originating from the Isle of Man, located in the Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland. A characteristic feature of the Manx is a natural mutation leading to a shortened or completely absent tail. This mutation likely arose spontaneously in the island’s domestic cat population several centuries ago and became established due to isolation.

Longhaired kittens occasionally appeared in litters of shorthaired Manx cats, as the gene for long hair is recessive. For many years, such kittens were considered undesirable and were not used in the breeding of purebred Manx. The situation changed in the 1960s in Canada, when breeders Alayne Held and Blair Wright took an interest in the longhaired Manx variations and began to breed them purposefully. The name “Cymric” comes from “Cymru,” the Welsh word for Wales. Although the breed has no direct connection to Wales, the name was chosen for its Celtic sound, similar to “Manx.”

The path to official recognition was not straightforward. The Canadian Cat Association (CCA) recognised the Cymric as a distinct breed in the 1970s. The Cat Fanciers’ Association (CFA) initially registered them as Longhaired Manx but granted them separate breed status under the name Cymric in 1994. Other major organisations, such as The International Cat Association (TICA), also recognise the Cymric, often as a longhaired variety of the Manx. However, the largest European federation, FIFe, does not recognise either the Manx or the Cymric due to ethical concerns related to the genetic mutation that causes taillessness and potential health problems.

The Cymric is a medium-sized cat with a sturdy, compact build and well-developed musculature. Its body has a characteristic roundness, especially in the hindquarters. One of its most distinctive features is its powerful hind legs, which are noticeably longer than the front legs. This gives them a characteristic “rabbit-like” hop or gait and allows them to jump high. The back forms a smooth arch from the shoulders to the rump.

• Head: Large, rounded, with broad cheekbones and a strong chin. The muzzle is of medium length, with a slight dip at the bridge of the nose.
• Eyes: Large, round, and expressive. Eye colour usually complements the coat colour.
• Ears: Medium-sized, set wide apart, slightly rounded at the tips, and broad at the base. They may have small tufts.
• Coat: The main difference between the Cymric and the Manx is its luxurious double coat of medium length. It consists of a soft, thick undercoat and longer, dense, silky guard hairs. The fur forms a distinct “ruff” around the neck and “breeches” on the hind legs. The coat feels springy and dense. In texture, it can resemble the coat of some other breeds with a dense undercoat, such as the Nebelung, although it is longer.
• Colours: Breed standards permit a wide range of colours and patterns, including solid (white, black, red, cream), tortoiseshell, smoke, silver, tabby (mackerel, spotted, classic), and bicolor. Only colours indicative of hybridisation are not allowed: chocolate, lilac, Himalayan (colourpoint), and their combinations with white.
• Tail: This is the most variable feature of the Cymric (as with the Manx). There are several tail types:
  • Rumpy: Complete absence of a tail, often with a small dimple where it would have begun. This is the ideal type for shows.
  • Rumpy-riser: Presence of 1-3 tail vertebrae under the fur, which rise slightly when petted.
  • Stumpy: A short, vestigial tail composed of a few (usually up to 5-7) fused or rudimentary vertebrae.
  • Tailed or Longy: A tail of almost normal or normal length. Such cats are not eligible for shows as Cymrics but are extremely important for breeding programmes to maintain the breed’s health.

Cymrics are known for their gentle, playful, and very devoted character. They are often described as “dog-like” cats due to their attachment to their owners and their desire to be involved in all family affairs. They are intelligent, inquisitive, and quite easy to train.

Key character traits of the Cymric:

• People-oriented: The Cymric adores the company of its people and suffers from prolonged loneliness. It will follow you around, sit beside you when you are relaxing, and joyfully greet you at the door. This need for attention makes them excellent companions for people who spend a lot of time at home.
• Playfulness: Despite their sturdy build, Cymrics remain playful throughout their lives. They enjoy interactive games, can learn to fetch toys, and will happily chase a laser pointer or a feather wand. Their powerful hind legs allow them to make impressive jumps. Their activity and playfulness are somewhat reminiscent of energetic breeds like the Japanese Bobtail, though Cymrics are generally calmer.
• Intelligence: These are clever cats that quickly learn to open doors, cupboards, and solve simple puzzles to get treats. Their intelligence can be used to teach them various tricks using positive reinforcement.
• Friendliness: Cymrics usually get along well with children (provided the child treats the animal respectfully) and other pets, including dogs, if introductions are made correctly and gradually. They may initially be wary of strangers but quickly warm up.
• Hunting instincts: Like their ancestors from the Isle of Man, Cymrics have retained strong hunting instincts. They can be proficient hunters of rodents if given the opportunity, a trait shared with other robust, natural-looking breeds such as the Pixiebob. At home, this instinct can be satisfied with toys that mimic prey.
• Vocalisation: They are generally quite quiet cats. They have a soft, pleasant voice and tend to meow mainly when they want to draw attention to their needs (food, play, affection).

It’s important to remember that Cymrics are very sensitive to their owners’ moods and can be offended by unfair punishment or harshness. They respond best to affection, patience, and positive training methods.

The biggest health concern for Cymrics, as with Manx cats, is the potential for “Manx Syndrome.” This is a group of congenital defects associated with the same gene (M) that causes taillessness. This gene is dominant, and if a kitten inherits two copies (MM), it dies in the womb. Kittens inheriting one copy of the gene (Mm) are born without a tail or with a short tail but may have associated problems.

Manifestations of Manx Syndrome can include:

• Spinal defects: Spina bifida occulta (a type of open spine), shortened or fused vertebrae, which can lead to problems with hind limb mobility.
• Neurological problems: Spinal cord damage can cause weakness or paralysis of the hind legs, and urinary and/or faecal incontinence.
• Digestive problems: Chronic constipation, megacolon (a pathologically enlarged colon), and bowel obstruction.

Symptoms of Manx Syndrome usually appear within the first few weeks or months of life (up to 4-6 months). Not all tailless Cymrics suffer from this syndrome, but the risk exists. Responsible breeders strive to minimise this risk by not mating two completely tailless (rumpy) cats together, instead using cats with short (stumpy) or even full (tailed) tails in their breeding programmes. When buying a Cymric kitten, it is crucial to choose a reputable breeder who provides health guarantees and can tell you about the kitten’s parents.

Other potential health problems:

• Arthritis: Due to their skeletal structure (longer hind legs, strain on the spine), Cymrics can be prone to arthritis in later life, especially in the hip joints and spine.
• Obesity: They have a good appetite and a tendency to gain excess weight, especially with insufficient activity. Obesity increases the load on joints and the spine.
• Problems common to all cats: Gum disease (gingivitis, periodontitis), urinary tract disease, and cardiomyopathy.

Prevention:

• Regular veterinary check-ups (at least once a year, twice a year for senior cats).
• Adherence to vaccination schedules and parasite treatments.
• Balanced nutrition and weight control.
• Ensuring sufficient physical activity.
• Close observation for any changes in behaviour, appetite, litter tray use, or mobility.

Caring for a Cymric requires regularity, especially concerning its luxurious coat. Although they are quite adaptable, certain aspects of care are key to their health and comfort.

Grooming:

• Combing: The Cymric’s thick double coat, not unlike that of other breeds with substantial undercoats such as the Selkirk Rex, needs regular combing (2-3 times a week) to prevent matting and remove dead hairs. During seasonal moulting (spring and autumn), combing should be more frequent, possibly daily. It’s best to use a metal comb with varying tooth spacing and a deshedding tool or slicker brush to remove the undercoat. Pay special attention to the “ruff” and “breeches,” where the fur is longest and thickest.
• Bathing: Bathe your Cymric only when necessary, if the coat is heavily soiled or greasy. Use a special shampoo for longhaired cats. After bathing, it is important to dry the coat thoroughly with a towel and a hairdryer (on a low heat setting), combing it during the drying process to avoid tangles.
• Eye and Ear Care: Regularly inspect the eyes and ears. Wipe the eyes with a clean, damp cloth or cotton pad (a separate one for each eye) as needed. Clean the ears with a special cat ear cleaning lotion if you notice any build-up of dirt or wax. Do not use cotton buds deep in the ear canal.
• Claw Trimming: Trim the tips of the claws every 2-4 weeks using special cat nail clippers. This will help protect furniture and prevent ingrown claws.
• Dental Care: Regular brushing with a special cat toothbrush and toothpaste will help prevent plaque and tartar build-up, as well as the development of gum disease.

Upkeep:

• Space and Activity: Cymrics do not require a huge amount of space, but they do need an area for play and activity. Provide them with toys, scratching posts (vertical and horizontal), and, if possible, multi-level cat trees for climbing and jumping.
• Litter Tray: The litter tray should be sufficiently large and always clean. Some Cymrics with Manx Syndrome may have problems with bladder or bowel control, so a tray with low sides or the use of special pads may be necessary. It is important to maintain hygiene in the area under the tail for such cats.
• Safety: As Cymrics are inquisitive and enjoy jumping, ensure your home is safe for them (hide wires, toxic substances, install screens on windows).

Cymrics are intelligent and quick-witted cats that are usually responsive to training and education if the correct methods are used. Their natural obedience and people-oriented nature make the training process enjoyable.

• Positive Reinforcement: Cymrics respond best to methods based on encouragement – praise, affection, favourite treats. Never use physical punishment or shouting, as these cats are very sensitive and can become timid or resentful.
• Teaching Commands: Thanks to their intelligence, Cymrics can learn simple commands (“come,” “sit”) and even to fetch toys. Short, regular training sessions (5-10 minutes) will be most effective.
• Litter Tray and Scratching Post Training: This usually presents no problems, as Cymrics are naturally clean. It is important to show the kitten where the litter tray and scratching post are and to encourage their use.
• Socialisation: It is very important to start socialising your Cymric from an early age. Introduce the kitten to different people, sounds, situations, and other animals (if present in the home) gradually and under supervision. A well-socialised Cymric will grow into a confident, calm, and friendly cat.
• Utilising Hunting Instincts: Encourage their natural need to hunt with interactive wand toys, balls, and laser pointers (always end the game with the “capture” of a physical toy). This will help keep them in good physical and mental shape.

Proper nutrition is the cornerstone of your Cymric’s health, longevity, and good looks. A balanced diet will provide energy, support bone and joint health, and maintain the beauty of its thick coat.

Basic principles for feeding a Cymric:

• High-Quality Protein: The foundation of a Cymric’s diet, like any cat’s, should be animal protein. Choose high-quality commercial foods (dry and wet) of premium, super-premium, or holistic grade, where meat (chicken, turkey, beef, fish) is listed as the first ingredient.
• Weight Control: Cymrics are prone to gaining excess weight. Adhere to the feeding guidelines on the food packaging, adjusting them according to your cat’s age, activity level, and individual needs. Do not overfeed with treats. Weigh your cat regularly and consult your vet about its optimal weight.
• Digestive Health: Some Cymrics, especially those with signs of Manx Syndrome, may suffer from constipation. In such cases, a vet may recommend a diet higher in fibre or special supplements. It is important to ensure constant access to fresh, clean water, which also promotes normal digestion and helps prevent urinary tract disease.
• Vitamins and Supplements: When feeding a high-quality, balanced commercial food, additional vitamin supplements are usually unnecessary unless prescribed by a vet. If you prepare homemade food for your cat (which requires careful dietary calculation with a veterinary nutritionist), then vitamin-mineral complexes are essential. To support coat beauty, supplements with Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids can be given periodically.
• Feeding Schedule: Feed an adult cat twice a day at set times. Kittens require more frequent feeding (3-4 times a day). Always remove leftover food, especially wet or homemade food, to prevent spoilage.

1. “Welsh” name with Canadian roots: Although “Cymric” means “Welsh,” the breed was developed in Canada. The name was chosen to emphasise the Celtic origins of the breed’s ancestors – the Manx cats from the Isle of Man.
2. Natural mutation: The taillessness of Cymrics and Manx cats is the result of a natural dominant gene mutation (M).
3. “Rabbit-like” hop: Due to their longer hind legs, Cymrics often move with a characteristic hop, reminiscent of a rabbit’s movement.
4. Master jumpers: Their powerful hind limbs allow them to jump to surprising heights.
5. Variety of tails: Not all Cymrics are born completely tailless. Variations range from complete absence of a tail (rumpy) to an almost normal length (tailed/longy).
6. Quiet hunters: They have retained the strong hunting instincts of their ancestors and can be effective mousers.
7. Longhaired Manx: In some feline organisations, the Cymric is still registered not as a separate breed but as a longhaired variety of the Manx.

Are all Cymrics born without a tail?
No, not all. Due to the breed’s genetic peculiarities, Cymric kittens can be born with varying tail lengths: from complete absence (rumpy) to a short stump (stumpy) or even an almost normal-length tail (tailed/longy). Fully tailless cats (rumpy) meet the show standard, but other variations are important for healthy breeding.

Are Cymrics suitable for families with children?
Yes, Cymrics are usually very patient and gentle with children, especially if the child is taught to respect the animal and handle it carefully. Their playful nature makes them excellent playmates.

How much grooming does a Cymric’s coat require?
Their thick double coat needs regular care. It is recommended to comb the cat 2-3 times a week, and daily during moulting seasons, to prevent matting and reduce the amount of fur in the home.

What is Manx Syndrome, and how common is it?
Manx Syndrome is a complex of congenital abnormalities (spine, nervous system, intestines) linked to the taillessness gene. It can affect Cymrics and Manx cats, particularly fully tailless individuals. The frequency of occurrence depends on breeding practices. Responsible breeders minimise the risk by avoiding mating two tailless cats. It is important to discuss the risks with the breeder before purchasing a kitten.

How long do Cymric cats live?
The average lifespan of a Cymric is 8-14 years. Unfortunately, due to potential problems associated with Manx Syndrome, some individuals may have a shorter lifespan. However, healthy Cymrics can live longer with proper care.

Do Cymrics shed a lot?
Yes, like most longhaired cats with a double coat, Cymrics do shed, especially seasonally in spring and autumn. Regular combing helps to control this process.

Can a Cymric be left alone for long periods?
Cymrics are very people-oriented and do not tolerate loneliness well. They require companionship and attention. If you spend a lot of time away from home, this breed may not be the best choice, or you might consider getting a companion for your pet.