Medium German Spitz (Mittelspitz)

History: From Peat Dog to Modern Mittel

The homeland of the Spitz is Germany, though the roots of this breed group go much deeper into history. It is believed that their direct ancestors were the so-called "Peat Dogs" (Canis familiaris palustris), remains of which are found in Stone Age pile-dwelling settlements. This makes the Spitz one of the oldest forms of domestic dogs, retaining their primeval appearance almost unchanged. They are not the result of complex selective breeding or crossing dozens of breeds - they are a natural, aboriginal type of European dog.

These days, Mittelspitzes are mostly bought as sofa companions, Instagram stars, and loyal friends for park walks. But in the past, they had a very different purpose. They were the working dogs of peasants and artisans ("the commoner's dog"). As watchdogs, thanks to their ringing bark and incredibly sensitive hearing, these dogs provided timely warnings of strangers or wild animals approaching their owners' homes, vineyards, and pastures. They had no right to make mistakes or sleep on the job.

Interestingly, unlike herding dogs, the Spitz lacks a hunting instinct - this was a crucial requirement for selection. A dog guarding the courtyard shouldn't run off into the woods after a hare or strangle the farm chickens. That is why modern Mittels feel so comfortable next to other small animals.

Official recognition came later. In 1899, the "Verein für Deutsche Spitze" club was established in Germany, where the first standards for the "Spitz" breed were developed. It was then that the division of dogs into different size categories began to preserve the diversity of the population - from miniature to large representatives.

Character: Temperament, Intelligence and Behaviour

Dogs of the Mittelspitz breed are among the most loyal representatives of the canine world. They become strongly attached not only to their owner but also to "their" territory, meaning the house they live in. They are possessive by nature. It is important for them to control the perimeter and know that the whole "pack" is safe.

These dogs require regular care and emotional contact. They are very jealous, it's true. Therefore, in case of a lack of attention from the owner or the appearance of a new favourite in the family, they will definitely show their displeasure - they might demonstratively ignore commands or even engage in petty mischief. If the Medium Spitz feels the owner's love fully, he transforms into an ideal creature: affectionate, compliant, cheerful, and incredibly friendly.

Mittelspitzes have a very firm, sometimes even dominant and independant character. Despite their small size, they feel confident in any situation. They do not have "small dog syndrome". They are always ready to stand up for their owners. Of course, their guarding qualities differ from serious service breeds. If you need powerful protection, you should consider a Giant Schnauzer, but if you need a vigilant "doorbell" that won't miss a single rustle, the Mittel will do the job better.

Important: Dogs of this breed should never be rehomed as adults. They are one-person dogs. A Spitz attaches to one family once and for all, and they take even a short separation from their loved ones (for example, during holidays) extremely painfully, potentially refusing food and falling into depression.

Training and Socialisation

Mittelspitzes are intellectuals. They are smart and clever dogs that are easily trained and memorise commands with lightning speed. However, they have one peculiarity - cunning. They quickly understand where they can "slack off". Therefore, you will need patience and consistency.

You must never shout at a Spitz, let alone use physical force. These dogs have a sense of dignity and demand respect. Violence will make the dog timid or aggressive. The best method is positive reinforcement (treats, praise, play).

Bark Control: This is a key moment in upbringing. The Spitz needs to be raised strictly regarding its voice. From puppyhood, it must be taught not to bark at everything. The "Quiet" command should be one of the first learned. If you miss this moment, you will get a dog that "comments" on every sound in the stairwell.

Also, Spitzes get used to being held very quickly. It is tempting to carry a fluffy ball in your arms, but do not habituate him to this excessively. The dog must walk on its own paws, otherwise, he will become dependent and insecure. These dogs need to be educated from the first days they appear in the house.

They are very quick-witted and can thoroughly learn all basic commands ("Sit", "Come", "Bed") at an early age. However, to keep the Spitz interested and not bored, invent more new tricks for him (dancing on hind legs, spinning, giving a high five), which he will gladly perform for a piece of cheese. Representatives of this breed are among the smartest dogs that can be winners in agility or obedience competitions, or simply bring you your slippers at home.

Pros and Cons of the Breed

Advantages:

• Cheerful, optimistic character that lifts your mood.
• Convenient size for travel and city living.
• High intelligence and learning ability.
• Lack of hunting instinct (won't run away after a cat).
• Robust health and longevity.
• Striking appearance.

Disadvantages:

• Tendency to bark loudly (requires correction).
• Seasonal moulting (fur will be everywhere if not brushed).
• Cheekiness and pugnacity towards large dogs (Napoleon complex).
• Need for constant companionship; they do not tolerate loneliness well.

Care and Maintenance: How to Preserve the Fluffy Beauty?

The Medium German Spitz is a universal soldier. It will feel equally good in urban conditions and in the rural realities of the countryside. If you plan to keep the pet in the garden of a private house for most of the time, ensure there is a warm enclosure with a kennel. But remember: the Spitz is a social animal; it cannot live witout interaction with people. Constant keeping on a chain or in isolation will destroy the dog's psyche.

These dogs must not get too cold (although the thick undercoat keeps them warm) or stay under the scorching sun in summer (the risk of heatstroke due to thick fur is high). A Spitz living in a flat requires regular long walks - at least twice a day for 30–40 minutes. These dogs absolutely adore playing and running in the fresh air, catching a ball, or simply exploring new territories.

Grooming: Myths and Reality

Many are frightened by the voluminous coat of the Spitz; it seems that caring for it is a nightmare. In reality, it is simpler. The structure of the coat is such that it is not prone to forming mats (if not neglected). To ensure your pet always looks well-groomed, you need to follow simple rules:

1. Brushing: A few times a week (2–3 times), the Spitz needs to be brushed with a slicker brush and a metal comb. During the moulting period (spring/autumn) - daily. Important technique: you need to brush "from the root", parting the hair to comb through the undercoat, not just stroking the top.
2. Washing: These dogs should be washed extremely rarely, only when heavily soiled (once every 1.5–2 months). They are clean, and their coat has self-cleaning properties. Frequent washing strips away the protective oily layer.
3. Cosmetics: When washing, be sure to use a special moisturising shampoo and conditioner. Dry hair becomes brittle. Do not add oils to the rinsing water "by eye"; it is better to use professional sprays.
4. Trimming: Spitzes only need a hygienic trim (paws, the area under the tail, ears). Model haircuts, especially the "Boo" cut, are strictly forbidden by veterinary dermatologists, as this disrupts thermoregulation and hair growth.

Do not forget to regularly clean your pet's eyes (you can use a special lotion or a weak camomile decoction), trim their claws monthly (they often don't wear down naturally due to the dog's light weight), and occasionally brush their teeth with special dog toothpaste.